Japan has been at the forefront of developing comprehensive strategies and guidelines to harness the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) while addressing its societal implications. Since 2016, various governmental bodies have collaborated to formulate policies that not only promote innovation but also ensure the responsible and ethical use of AI technology.
One of the earliest initiatives, the Conference Toward AI Network Society, established in 2016 under the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, aimed to examine the social, economic, ethical, and legal implications of AI networking. This multi-stakeholder conference facilitated discussions on how AI systems could interact over networks while considering human-centric values and fairness.
Subsequent efforts, such as the AI R&D Guidelines introduced in 2017, provided a framework for promoting the benefits of AI technology while mitigating potential risks. These guidelines, developed in collaboration with international partners like the G7 and OECD, underscored the importance of transparency, accountability, and inclusive growth in AI research and development.
Japan’s commitment to AI innovation was further demonstrated with projects like the AI Bridging Cloud Infrastructure (ABCI), launched in 2018 by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). ABCI aimed to accelerate joint AI research and development efforts across industries, academia, and government sectors.
As AI technologies continued to evolve, so did the governance frameworks surrounding them. Initiatives like the AI Strategy formulated in 2019 outlined Japan’s vision for leveraging AI to address global challenges while fostering societal well-being. Additionally, the Social Principles of Human-Centric AI emphasized the need for AI development and utilization to prioritize human values, transparency, and accountability.
To ensure the practical implementation of AI principles, guidelines such as the AI Utilization Guidelines and Contract Guidelines on Utilizing AI and Data were introduced, providing practical guidance for businesses and stakeholders. These initiatives aimed to foster trust in AI systems while promoting their responsible deployment across various sectors.
Japan’s dedication to AI governance and innovation continued with recent developments, including the establishment of the AI Strategy Council in 2023. This council of experts was formed to address emerging issues in AI, including the challenges posed by generative AI technologies, while aligning with established strategies and principles. Through collaborative efforts across government, industry, academia, and civil society, Japan aims to build an AI-ready society that prioritizes inclusivity, transparency, and human well-being.